Can id refer to supra

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This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Primary Authorities A. Why Weird Rules? Know These Rules They are limited to references to l egislative hearings, court filings, books, pamphlets, reports, unpublished materials, nonprint resources, periodicals, services, treaties and international agreements, regulations, directives, and decisions of intergovernmental organizations.

You must not use "supra" or "hereinafter" to refer to cases, legislative materials other than hearings , restatements, model codes, or regulations. Weird Rule 4 - Id. The period at the end of Id. Supreme Court rules or a page limit under many appellate court rules and gaining from the other is the filing deadline. A natural reaction might be a mad dash to chop sentences, paragraphs, and whole sections to squeeze the brief in under the limit and on time.

Given the type of legal printing Cockle Legal Briefs does every day for attorneys and pro se petitioners, I will use a U.

You had oodles of time to carefully construct an argument, with ample authorities scattered through several sections of text and footnotes, or maybe you pasted in parts of the lower court brief. You use some authorities repeatedly, for differing purposes. So on second and third and eighth reference, you use id.

So far, no problem. Or you have the sound strategic thought that fewer issues are better the higher the case goes, so you wipe out a Question Presented item or three, along with the corresponding Argument sections. The clock is ticking, Cockle Legal Briefs needs your draft for typesetting, and you hustle the changes through.

Or maybe an assistant less familiar with the original drafting hustles them through. Maybe it is glaring, or maybe it takes careful reading. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older.

This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Today's Operating Hours:. Bluebook Legal Citation A guide to legal citation using Bluebook rules. Overview General Rules Intro signals: E. Supra Hereinafter Internal cross references Typeface conventions How to cite. About short form citations In certain circumstances, it is permissible to use a shortened citation to a previously cited authority.

Specific short form rules Below is a table listing authority types covered in this guide, cross-referenced with the corresponding bluebook rule. Sweatt v. Painter, U. Supra Bluebook Rule 21st : 4. Immediately after " supra " is the word "note" in ordinary type, followed by the number of the footnote in which the authority was first cited in full: An "at" is typically necessary to avoid confusion: Hereinafter Bluebook Rule 21st : 4.

Internal cross references Bluebook Rule 21st : 3. Internal cross-references begin with the signal " See. Some examples of permissible uses of internal cross-reference citations follow: See supra notes and accompanying text. Report a problem. Subjects: Bluebook Citations. Tags: But cf. Email Facebook Twitter.